Substrate-ka malabka ee birta ah waa walax saldhig malab ah oo dalool leh oo laga sameeyay qolof bir ah oo aan miridh lahayn iyo foil bir ah oo FeCrAl ah oo la isku dhejiyay iyada oo loo marayo habka alxanka gariiradda. Waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu taageero dahaarka catalytic (Pt, Pd, Rh) ama loo dhaqmo sidii walxo asaasi ah oo is-weydaarsiga kulaylka ah, oo si ballaaran loogu isticmaalo nadiifinta qiiqa baabuurta, daaweynta gaaska qashinka warshadaha, ilaalinta kulaylka hawada iyo meelaha kale.
Iyada oo laga sameeyay foil-ka birta ah ee FeCrAl, substrate-ka malabka ee birta ah wuxuu leeyahay qaab-dhismeed cufan oo u eg malab iyo cambaha oo leh kanaallo yaryar oo isku mid ah - oo u shaqeeya sida "fal-celiyaha catalytic" si loo nadiifiyo gaaska qiiqa. Waxaa ku raran dahaadh katalytic ah iyo biraha sharafta leh (Pt, Pd, Rh) wuxuuna leeyahay iska caabin heer sare ah oo heer sare ah, taasoo suurtogalinaysa hawlgal deggan heerkulka qiiqa ee aadka u daran. Marka gaaska qiiqa ee heerkulka sare uu dhex maro kanaaladan yaryar, kiciyeyaasha birta sharafta leh waxay kiciyaan falgallada kiimikada ee u beddela wasakhda waxyeelada leh walxo aan waxyeello lahayn, iyadoo falcelinta muhiimka ah ay tahay sidan soo socota:
1. Oksaydhaynta kaarboon monoksaydh:2CO + O₂ = 2CO₂
2. Oksaydheynta Haydrokarbon:2CxHy + (2x+y/2)O₂ = 2xCO₂ + yH₂O
3. Yaraynta oksaydhka Nitrogen:2NOx = N₂+ xO₂
Iyada oo leh wareejinta kulaylka degdega ah, cadaadis hoose oo dhabarka ah iyo iska caabin gariir oo xooggan, waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa nadiifinta qiiqa baabuurta iyo daaweynta gaaska qashinka warshadaha.
| Shay | Substrate-ka Birta ah ee Malab-ka | Substrate-ka dhoobada ah |
| Alaab | Foornada daawaha FeCrAl | Dhoobada ku salaysan Alumina |
| Kala duwanaanshaha heerkulka hawlgalka | -40℃ ~ 1200℃ (ugu sarreysa 1300℃) | -20℃ ~ 1000℃ |
| Qaboojinta Kulaylka (W/(m·K)) | 11 ~ 15, kuleyl degdeg ah | 18 ~ 35, kulayl gaabis ah |
| Cadaadiska Dhabarka | ≤ 5kPa, hoose | ≥ 12kPa, ka sarreeya |
| Adkaanta | Sare, ka-hortagga saameynta, ka-hortagga jab | Jaban, si fudud loo jabin karo |
| Miisaanka | Miisaan fudud (30-50% ka fudud) | Culus |
| Nolosha Adeegga | ≥ 5000h (≥150000km) | ≥ 3000 saac (≥100000km) |
1. Cabbir yar (dhexroorka 30-50mm, dhererka 50-100mm, 200-300 cpsi):
Diyaaradaha aan duuliyaha lahayn (UAVs), matoorro la qaadi karo, matoorro yaryar oo badda ka baxsan, mashiinno yaryar oo beeraha ah, ATV-yo iyo qalab koronto oo gacanta lagu qaato (rakibid yar, wasakhowga qiiqa oo hooseeya).
2. Cabbir dhexdhexaad ah (dhexroorka 80-150mm, dherer 100-200mm, 100-400 cpsi):
Gawaarida rakaabka, gawaarida ganacsiga ee fudud (xudunta catalytic-ga ee saddex-geesoodka ah), qalabka fidinta EV-ga, qiiqa isku-dhafan iyo matoorada gurmadka degdegga ah ee yaryar (cadaadis hoose oo dhabarka ah, kuleyl degdeg ah).
3. Cabbir weyn (dhexroorka 180-300mm, dhererka 200-400mm, 100-200 cpsi):
Gawaarida xamuulka qaada ee culus, gawaarida injineernimada, gaaska qashinka warshadaha, qiiqa badda, nadiifinta gaaska qiiqa kuleyliyaha iyo gubashada (mugga qiiqa weyn).
4. Cabbir gaar ah oo la habeeyey (aan caadi ahayn, >300mm dhexroor />400mm dherer, 60-600 cpsi):
APU-yada hawada sare, daaweynta batroolka, munaaradaha kiimikada, marawaxadaha gaaska iyo foornooyinka heerkulka sare leh (xaalado adag).
Haa runtii. Waxaan u habeyn karnaa dhinacyo badan sida hoos ku xusan:
1. Cabbirka & Qaabka: Dhexroorka la habeyn karo (30mm~500mm+), dhererka (50mm~400mm+), iyo qaabka (qaab wareegsan oo joogto ah, qaabab gaar ah oo aan caadi ahayn) si loogu habeeyo meelaha kala duwan ee rakibidda qalabka.
2. Cufnaanta Unugyada: La hagaajin karo laga bilaabo 60 cpsi ilaa 600 cpsi, oo la jaan qaadaya shuruudaha nadiifinta kala duwan iyo kicinta xaaladaha kala duwan ee codsiyada (qalabka korontada yar yar, daaweynta gaaska qashinka warshadaha, hawada sare).
3. Tilmaamaha Qalabka: Dhumucda birta ee FeCrAl (0.03 ~ 0.08mm) waa la habeyn karaa, saamiga isku-dhafka birta (Cr: 18-22%, Al: 4-6%) waa la hagaajin karaa iyadoo lagu saleynayo xaaladaha shaqada.
4. Rarista Kataliska: Qadarka rarista ee la habeyn karo (5~20 g/L) iyo saamiga birta sharafta leh ee Pt/Pd/Rh, oo la qabsanaya heerarka kala duwan ee nadiifinta qiiqa iyo baahiyaha hufnaanta kataliska.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-22-2026